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Synthesis and properties of water-soluble 1,9-dialkyl-substituted BF

Dan Wu, Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro, Donal F. O’Shea

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 97-104 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1828-x

摘要： Bis-alkylsulfonic acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-substituted BF azadipyrromethenes have been synthesized by an adaptable and versatile route. Only four synthetic stages were required to produce the penultimate fluorophore compounds, containing either two alcohol or two terminal alkyne substituents. The final synthetic step introduced either sulfonic acid or polyethylene glycol groups to impart aqueous solubility. Sulfonic acid groups were introduced by reaction of the bis-alcohol-substituted fluorophore with sulfur trioxide, and a double Cu(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between the bis-alkyne fluorophore and methoxypolyethylene glycol azide yielded a neutral bis-pegylated derivative. Both fluorophores exhibited excellent near-infrared (NIR) photophysical properties in methanol and aqueous solutions. Live cell microscopy imaging revealed efficient uptake and intracellular labelling of cells for both fluorophores. Their simple synthesis, with potential for last-step structural modifications, makes the present NIR-active azadipyrromethene derivatives potentially useful as NIR fluorescence imaging probes for live cells.

关键词： NIR-fluorophores live cell imaging NIR-AZA

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Near-infrared fluorescent probe for fast track of cyclooxygenase-2 in Golgi apparatus in cancer cells

Bhaskar Gurram, Miao Li, Jiangli Fan, Jingyun Wang, Xiaojun Peng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 41-52 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1796-1

摘要： Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been used as an excellent traceable biomarker, and exists maximally in Golgi apparatus (Cancer cells). Celecoxib (CCB) is a selective inhibitor for COX-2, and has been used as one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Herein we report the conjugation of nile blue (NB) with CCB via a six-carbon linkage to form a fluorescence probe NB-C6-CCB for the detection of COX-2. NB-C6-CCB displays strong fluorescence with the emission peak centered at near-infrared wavelength (700 nm) in tumor cells or tumor tissues with high expression of COX-2. Importantly, NB-C6-CCB can discriminate cancer cells (MCF-7) fluorescence intensity from normal ones (COS-7) in the co-culture medium under confocal microscope. Subcellular localization of the NB-C6-CCB preferentially points to the Golgi apparatus and increases the fluorescent intensity. The competitive analysis (with CCB) and Native-PAGE analysis confirmed that NB-C6-CCB shows selective binding affinity towards COX-2 enzyme. Competitive analysis with CCB (flow cytometry assay) revealed the fluorescence intensity fluctuation due to pretreatment of CCB with different concentrations, indicating that the NB-C6-CCB is a precise or sensitive probe for the COX-2. Tumor tissue (depth: 500 µm), organs and mice imaging tests show excellent near-infrared visualization, specific localization and identification of tumors.

关键词： cyclooxygenase-2 nile blue CCB Golgi apparatus NIR imaging

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基于临床可用的亚甲基蓝近红外二区成像用于泌尿系统结构及功能成像的研究 Article

薛丁玮, 吴迪, 陆泽毅, Jochen Neuhaus, 阿卜杜热合曼·则比布拉, 冯哲, 成晟, 周静, 钱骏, 李恭会

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 149-158 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.032

摘要：近红外二区光谱区域（second nearinfrared spectral region, NIR-II, 1000~1700 nm）荧光生物成像相较于传统的荧光生物成像具有更高的空间分辨率、更深的穿透力和更好的信噪比在此，本文首次报道了基于临床可用且经肾脏排泄的荧光染料亚甲基蓝（methylene blue, MB）对活体泌尿系统进行NIR-II 荧光成像，该技术不仅可实现清晰的有创/无创尿路造影，而且还能有效且无创地检测肾功能以上研究结果表明MB辅助的NIR-II 荧光成像在临床/基础研究中泌尿系统结构和功能成像领域中具有较大的应用前景。

关键词：近红外二区荧光亚甲基蓝肾功能泌尿系统实时成像

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evaluation of renal function using diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in type 2

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 471-476 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0365-8

摘要：

This work aims to estimate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting early-stage kidney injury in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (NAU) versus microalbuminuria (MAU) prospectively. A total of 30 T2DM patients with normal kidney function were recruited and assigned to the NAU group (n = 14) or MAU group (n= 16) according to 8 h overnight urinary albuminuria excretion rate (AER) results. A contemporary cohort of health check-up recipients were included as controls (n = 12). DWI and DTI scans were performed on bilateral kidney using SE single-shot EPI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the renal parenchyma was determined from ADC and FA maps of the three groups. ADC and FA values were compared among the three groups. According to DWI with a b value of 400 s/mm², the MAU and NAU groups showed significantly lowered mean ADC values compared with the healthy controls (P<0.01). The mean ADC in the MAU group [(2.22±0.07)×10^–3 mm²/s] was slightly lower than that of the NAU group [(2.31±0.22)×10^–3 mm²/s], but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The FA value in the MAU group was higher than that in the control group (0.45±0.07 vs. 0.39±0.03, P = 0.004) but did not differ from that in the NAU group (0.42±0.03) (P>0.05). ADC and FA values may be more sensitive than urine AER in reflecting early-stage kidney injury and, hence, may facilitate earlier detection and quantitative evaluation of kidney injury in T2DM patients. Combined evaluation of ADC and FA values may provide a better quantitative approach for identifying diabetic nephropathy at early disease stages.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus microalbuminuria diffusion weighted imaging diffusion tensor imaging early-stage kidney injury

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Carbon dots-based fluorescence sensor for two-photon imaging of pH in diabetic mice

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 298-306 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2212-9

摘要： Herein, a reversible pH fluorescent sensor was developed using caffeic acid as the precursor by one-step solvothermal synthesis method. The carbon dots-based sensor (CA-CDs) exhibited pH-dependent increase in fluorescence intensity and showed linear relationship in the range of pH 6.60 and 8.00. Notably, the fluorescence sensor has a reversible response to pH change. Finally, the CA-CDs has been successfully applied for two-photon imaging of the pH in liver and kidney of diabetic mice. Imaging results showed that the pH value in kidney of diabetic mice was lower than that of the normal mice, while the pH value in liver of diabetic mice was almost the same as that of the normal mice. The present study provides a simple analytical method for pH detection suitable for in vivo.

关键词： carbon dots two-photon imaging pH diabetic mice

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In vivo imaging of hematopoietic stem cell development in the zebrafish

Panpan Zhang, Feng Liu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 239-247 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0123-0

摘要： imaging is crucial for developmental biology and can further help to follow cell development/differentiation in normal and pathological conditions. Recent advances in optical imaging techniques has facilitated tracing of the developmental dynamics of a specific organ, tissue, or even a single cell. The zebrafish is an excellent model for imaging of hematopoiesis due to its transparent embryo at early stage; moreover, different zebrafish hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transgenic lines have been demonstrated as very useful tools for illustrating the details of the HSC developmental process. In this review, we summarize recent studies related to the non-invasive imaging of HSC transgenics, to show that zebrafish transgenic lines are powerful tools for developmental biology and disease. At the end of the review, the perspective and some open questions in this field will be discussed.

关键词： hematopoietic stem cell hematopoiesis in vivo imaging transgenics zebrafish

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Anefficient quadrature demodulator for medical ultrasound imaging

Hao ZHOU,Yin-fei ZHENG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第4期页码 301-310 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400205

摘要： Quadrature demodulation is used in medical ultrasound imaging to derive the envelope and instantaneous phase of the received radio-frequency (RF) signal. In quadrature demodulation, RF signal is multiplied with the sine and cosine wave reference signal and then low-pass filtered to produce the base-band complex signal, which has high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose an efficient quadrature demodulation method for B-mode and color flow imaging, in which the RF signal is demodulated by a pair of finite impulse response filters without mixing with the reference signal, to reduce the computational complexity. The proposed method was evaluated with simulation and in vivo experiments. From the simulation results, the proposed quadrature demodulation method produced similar normalized residual sum of squares (NRSS) and velocity profile compared with the conventional quadrature demodulation method. In the in vivo color flow imaging experiments, the time of the demodulation process was 5.66 ms and 3.36 ms, for the conventional method and the proposed method, respectively. These results indicated that the proposed method can maintain the performance of quadrature demodulation while reducing computational complexity.

关键词： B-mode ultrasound imaging Color flow imaging Quadrature demodulation Finite impulse response filter

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光场成像技术：模型、标定、重建及应用 Review

Hao ZHU, Qing WANG, Jingyi YU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1236-1249 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601727

摘要：光场成像是计算摄像学领域一项新兴技术。基于对成像模型和光路的创新设计，光场相机不仅记录了三维物体的空间强度，而且捕获了物理世界中的角度信息。这为解决三维重建、显著区域检测、目标识别等计算机视觉问题提供了新途径。本文首先回顾了光场相机的三个关键问题，包括成像模型、标定理论以及重建方法。然后，系统介绍了光场成像技术在信息学、物理学、医学和生物学等领域的应用现状。最后，讨论了光场成像目前存在的问题，并展望了光场成像技术的应用前景。

关键词：光场成像；全光函数；成像模型；标定；重建

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抑制FLT3 ——急性髓系白血病分子靶向治疗的原型 Review

Rowe, Nir Weigert

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第10期页码 1354-1368 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.020

摘要：

急性髓系白血病（AML）的现代治疗始于1973年，首例柔红霉素和阿糖胞苷联合治疗法的成功随后拯救了大约45%的患者。准确的AML诊断依赖于形态学方法，其最初仅由细胞化学手段辅助。与急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）不同，至少在20世纪70年代和80年代，免疫分型在AML的诊断中几乎不起作用。可靠的细胞遗传学方法的出现为AML的预后发展带来了翻天覆地的变化。通过核型分析，可以对不同的AML实现分类与分层，以进行各种治疗。借助细胞上抗原标记物的免疫表型鉴定，独特的突变图谱可以里程碑式地进一步对 AML 患者进行分类。所有的这些进展都随着对肿瘤负荷[即微小残留病变（minimal residual disease, MRD）]的重要性的理解而成为AML患者管理的关键。MRD的疗效在过去10年迅速发展，其特异性从免疫分型的10^-3发展到聚合酶链反应（PCR）的10^-4（且仅对于部分AML患者有效），并最终在具有下一代测序（NGS）技术的灵敏度极高的细胞中发展至10^-5甚至10^-6。所有这些进步都促进了个性化医疗概念的发展，并带来了可以准确用于特定诊断亚型的靶向药物。可以精准预测与测量其响应。这些靶向药物现已成为AML管理的基础，其疗效显著提高，而毒性则显著下降。本文的重点是研究最为深入的AML靶向药物之一——FMS样酪氨酸激酶3（FLT3）抑制剂，它影响了AML的预后与治疗。作为已被批准的其他新兴靶向药物以及目前正在开发的靶向药物的原型，本文将选择性地对FLT3抑制剂展开详细讨论。

关键词：急性髓系白血病靶向治疗 FLT3抑制剂米哚妥林吉瑞替尼奎扎替尼索拉非尼

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Synthesis and application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in targeted therapy and imaging

Liangqian Tong, Ming Zhao, Shu Zhu, Jing Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 379-387 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0162-6

摘要： Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have become a popular strategy of cancer treatment and molecular imaging because of their versatile properties and biocompatibility. A variety of studies have shown the exciting potential of functionalized SPIO nanoparticles, such as surface-coated, targeted ligand-conjugated, and/or drug-loaded SPIO nanoparticles, as powerful tools for targeted imaging and therapy. Moreover, the applications of SPIO nanoparticles that integrate diagnosis and therapy in SPIO nanoparticles facilitate the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy during treatment. In the present review, we primarily concentrate on the recent advancements in the field of SPIO nanoparticles in terms of synthesis, targeted therapy, and cancer imaging.

关键词： nanoparticles superparamagnetic iron oxide targeted therapy molecular imaging cancer

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A highly selective fluorescent probe for real-time imaging of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8 in living

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 103-111 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2064-8

摘要： Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are enzymes involved in the biotransformation of important endogenous compounds such as steroids, bile acids, and hormones as well as exogenous substances including drugs, environmental toxicants, and carcinogens. Here, a novel fluorescent probe BDMP was developed based on boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) with high sensitivity for the detection of UGT1A8. The glucuronidation of BDMP not only exhibited a red-emission wavelength (λ_ex/λ_em = 500/580 nm), but also displayed an excellent UGT1A8-dependent fluorescence signal with a good linear relationship with UGT1A8 concentration. Based on this perfect biocompatibility and cell permeability, BDMP was successfully used to image endogenous UGT1A8 in human cancer cell lines (LoVo and HCT15) in real time. In addition, BDMP could also be used to visualize UGT1A8 in tumor tissues. These results suggested that BDMP is a promising molecular tool for the investigation of UGT1A8-mediated physiological function in humans.

关键词： UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8 fluorescent probe subtype selectivity fluorescence imaging

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of the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 993-1005 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0989-7

摘要： Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disease, but the current pharmacotherapies show limited efficacy and often accompanied by adverse effects. Acupuncture is a promising complementary therapy, but further clinical evidence is needed. The influence of acupuncture on migraine is not an immediate effect, and its mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to provide further clinical evidence for the anti-migraine effects of acupuncture and explore the mechanism involved. A randomized controlled trial was performed among 10 normal controls and 38 migraineurs. The migraineurs were divided into blank control, sham acupuncture, and acupuncture groups. Patients were subjected to two courses of treatment, and each treatment lasted for 5 days, with an interval of 1 day between the two courses. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated using pain questionnaire. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were analyzed for investigating brain changes induced by treatments. Blood plasma was collected for metabolomics and proteomics studies. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed to investigate the interaction between clinical, fMRI and omics changes. Results showed that acupuncture effectively relieved migraine symptoms in a way different from sham acupuncture in terms of curative effect, affected brain regions, and signaling pathways. The anti-migraine mechanism involves a complex network related to the regulation of the response to hypoxic stress, reversal of brain energy imbalance, and regulation of inflammation. The brain regions of migraineurs affected by acupuncture include the lingual gyrus, default mode network, and cerebellum. The effect of acupuncture on patients’ metabolites/proteins may precede that of the brain.

关键词： acupuncture migraine fMRI metabolome proteome

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Iron oxide nanoparticle-based theranostics for cancer imaging and therapy

Xiaoqing REN,Hongwei CHEN,Victor YANG,Duxin SUN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 253-264 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1425-y

摘要： Theranostic platform, which is equipped with both diagnostic and therapeutic functions, is a promising approach in cancer treatment. From various nanotheranostics studied, iron oxide nanoparticles have advantages since IONPs have good biocompatibility and spatial imaging capability. This review is focused on the IONP-based nanotheranostics for cancer imaging and treatment. The most recent progress for applications of IONP nanotheranostics is summarized, which includes IONP-based diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal imaging, chemotherapy, hyperthermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and gene delivery. Future perspectives and challenges are also outlined for the potential development of IONP based theranostics in clinical use.

关键词： theranostics iron oxide nanoparticles MRI drug delivery photothermal therapy photodynamic therapy

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High resolution satellite imaging sensors for precision agriculture

Chenghai YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第4期页码 393-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018226

摘要：

The central concept of precision agriculture is to manage within-field soil and crop growth variability for more efficient use of farming inputs. Remote sensing has been an integral part of precision agriculture since the farming technology started developing in the mid to late 1980s. Various types of remote sensors carried on ground-based platforms, manned aircraft, satellites, and more recently, unmanned aircraft have been used for precision agriculture applications. Original satellite sensors, such as Landsat and SPOT, have commonly been used for agricultural applications over large geographic areas since the 1970s, but they have limited use for precision agriculture because of their relatively coarse spatial resolution and long revisit time. Recent developments in high resolution satellite sensors have significantly narrowed the gap in spatial resolution between satellite imagery and airborne imagery. Since the first high resolution satellite sensor IKONOS was launched in 1999, numerous commercial high resolution satellite sensors have become available. These imaging sensors not only provide images with high spatial resolution, but can also repeatedly view the same target area. The high revisit frequency and fast data turnaround time, combined with their relatively large aerial coverage, make high resolution satellite sensors attractive for many applications, including precision agriculture. This article will provide an overview of commercially available high resolution satellite sensors that have been used or have potential for precision agriculture. The applications of these sensors for precision agriculture are reviewed and application examples based on the studies conducted by the author and his collaborators are provided to illustrate how high resolution satellite imagery has been used for crop identification, crop yield variability mapping and pest management. Some challenges and future directions on the use of high resolution satellite sensors and other types of remote sensors for precision agriculture are discussed.

关键词： high resolution satellite sensor multispectral imagery precision agriculture spatial resolution temporal resolution

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Transient imaging with a time-of-flight cameraand its applications

Jing-yu LIN, Ri-hui WU, Hong-man WANG, Ye-bin LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1268-1276 doi: .org/10.1631/FITEE.1700556

摘要： Transient imaging is a technique in photography that recordsthe process of light propagation before it reaches a stationary statesuch that events at the light speed level can be observed. In thisreview we introduce three main models for transient imaging with atime-of-flight (ToF) camera: correlation model, frequency-domain model,and compressive sensing model. Transient imaging applications usuallyinvolve resolving the problem of light transport and separating thelight rays arriving along different paths. We discuss two of the applications:imaging objects inside scattering media and recovering both the shapeand texture of an object around a corner.

关键词： Transient imaging Time-of-flight(ToF) camera Scattering media Around corners